Kontrak Sosial
Kontrak Sosial
DEFINISI : KONTRAK SOSIAL ialah satu bentuk pakatan atau persetujuan untuk mencapai sesuatu maksud atau tujuan antara 2 pihak atau lebih sama ada secara bertulis atau lisan.
CONTOH : Piagam Madinah iaitu perjanjian yang di antara kaum Muhajirin dan Ansar yang di ilhamkan oleh Baginda Nabi Muhammad S.A.W. Maka negara Islam pertama di dunia terbentuk. Piagam Madinah mengandungi 47 fasal yang dipersetujui.
Di Malaysia, Kontrak sosial wujud di antara orang Melayu dengan orang Cina serta India yang pada hari ini merangkumi Melayu dan Bumiputera Sabah/Sarawak.
TUJUAN :
i) ianya bertujuan untuk menyelesaikan perbezaan kepentingan diri atau kelompok masing - masing.
ii) memastikan kepentingan majoriti dan minoriti di ambil kira tanpa menjejaskan hak dan kepentingan masing-masing.
iii) memastikan persetujuan yang dicapai kekal dan diwarisi turun-temurun kerana persetujuan dianggap memenuhi kepentingan yang berpanjangan.
iv) memastikan setiap pihak yang bersetuju mematuhi dan menyampaikan kepada generasi seterusnya agar ia tidak bercanggah di masa depan.
Isi Kandungan Kontrak Sosial di Malaysia.
i) Orang Melayu menerima dan mengiktiraf orang Cina dan India sebagai warganegara. (Berasaskan prinsip Jus Soli).
ii) Orang Cina dan India mengiktiraf Bahasa Melayu sebagai bahasa persekutuan.
iii) Orang Cina dan India mengiktiraf agama Islam sebagai agama persekutuan.
iv) Orang Cina dan India mengiktiraf kedaulatan Raja - Raja Melayu
v) Orang Cina dan India mengiktiraf Hak keistimewaan orang Melayu
sumber mykmu
http://www.pemuda-enggang.org/
Terima adat tempatan
Oleh ROHANI IBRAHIM
PETALING JAYA 19 Nov. – Raja Muda Perak, Raja Dr. Nazrin Shah menegaskan betapa pentingnya komuniti imigran di sesebuah negara menghormati dan menerima adat, sejarah serta sistem pemerintahan yang diamalkan di negara mereka berhijrah dan menetap sepanjang masa.
Baginda bertitah, mereka sepatutnya mempunyai garis sempadan dalam mempersoalkan sesuatu perkara yang membabitkan antara hak seseorang individu untuk memilih cara hidup pilihannya di negara mereka berhijrah atau keperluan untuk mewujudkan sebuah masyarakat bersatu padu.
Titah baginda, dalam membuat pilihan itu, masyarakat imigran yang datang daripada pelbagai budaya dan adat perlu berpegang kepada pepatah ‘di mana bumi dipijak di situ langit dijunjung.’
“Anggapan bahawa beban tanggungjawab hanya terletak di bahu negara penerima mungkin tidak tepat,” titah baginda ketika menyampaikan ucaptama pada Forum Isu Kepelbagaian Mengenai Diaspora di Kalangan Negara Komanwel di Universiti Monash Kampus Sunway, Bandar Sunway di sini hari ini.
Raja Nazrin bertitah, Malaysia merupakan contoh terbaik bagaimana diaspora atau penghijrahan besar-besaran orang Cina, India dan kaum-kaum lain yang membawa kepada sebuah bangsa yang makmur dan majmuk.
“Hari ini semua mereka menjadi sebahagian daripada landskap negara ini dan pada masa yang sama, warga Malaysia turut berhijrah ke serata dunia untuk meneroka pelbagai bidang,” titah baginda.
Baginda menjelaskan, proses integrasi di antara golongan imigran di negara yang mereka berhijrah berlaku dari semasa ke semasa dan melibatkan banyak generasi.
Bagaimanapun menurut baginda, secara umum, kemahuan dan keperluan imigran di mana-mana negara adalah sama iaitu makanan, wang, pendidikan untuk anak-anak dan kehidupan yang lebih bermakna, selain rumah dan perlindungan pada hari tua.
“Namun, generasi imigran yang seterusnya akan mengimpikan identiti dan semangat kekitaan yang lebih mendalam. Mereka juga mahu diserapkan dalam komuniti yang lebih besar dan tidak dilayan sebagai orang asing,” titah baginda.
Dalam hal ini, Raja Nazrin bertitah, usaha sesetengah kerajaan negara Komanwel untuk memperkenalkan polisi yang pelbagai dalam perkhidmatan awam adalah pendekatan yang tepat dan responsif.
“Dalam sebuah negara yang mempunyai budaya majmuk, masyarakat daripada pelbagai budaya perlu dibenarkan hidup bebas tanpa dipaksa melakukan perkara yang mereka tidak mahu,” titah baginda.
Menurut baginda, kehidupan yang demokrasi bermakna seseorang itu boleh memilih untuk lebih menyesuaikan diri dalam masyarakat, diserap atau diterima dalam masyarakat atau tidak menunjukkan sebarang minat.
“Pada masa yang sama, keperluan untuk mewujudkan masyarakat yang berkongsi nilai dan kepentingan tetap menjadi keutamaan,” titah baginda.
RACISM AND 2008 ELECTIONS
1. When the Barisan Nasional did badly in the March 2008 General Election, foreign observers and many in this country were jubilant because they claim that it marked the demise of racial politics and racial parties in Malaysia.
2. I did not agree with this simplistic view and I had put my thoughts on this blog. I believed that it was rather protest against the failures of the Abdullah Government that caused many Barisan Nasional members and supporters to vote for the opposition. But many still insist that race based politics is no longer relevant in Malaysia. Is it?
3. If it is because the Malaysian electorate had rejected racial politics, why did they vote for such parties as PAS, a very Malay Muslim party, and DAP, a Chinese dominated party. Even the Keadilan is made up of violently racist Hindraf Indians, Chinese dissatisfied with the MCA's representation of the Chinese in BN and self-serving Malays who could not find a place in the other Malay parties.
4. These three parties did not campaign for human rights or open Governments or even against the Internal Security Act. PAS had made no secret of their Islamic State pretensions. DAP talked of Malaysian Malaysia which was the battle cry of its very Chinese PAP antecedents of Singapore (no non-Chinese PM) and Keadilan talked about reforms etc., but the stress was on Hindu Rights and anti-Malay racism.
5. Their accredtied supporters who may really subscribe to their creeds had never been big enough to make them strong opposition parties in the past. They were never able to deny the BN a 2/3rd majority. It should be remembered that Keadilan won only one seat in the 2004 elections. The other two, DAP and PAS did not do much better either.
6. It was the defection by the BN party members which resulted in the opposition parties, regardless of the quality of their candidate getting the large number of votes to win so many more seats than they or anybody else expected.
7. Apart from the voters supporting the essentially race based opposition parties, the claim that it was the rejection of racial politics which led to the poor results by the BN has also not been borne out by the attitudes and debates by Malaysians post 2008 elections.
8. What we are witnessing today is an explosion of racial politics that is more bitter and blatant than ever before. Even the least observant cannot fail to notice how Malaysian politics now is more about racial inequities than about liberalism, human rights, openness etc.
9. True there has been quite a lot of discussion on the ISA. But most of the angry and bitter discussion is about Malay "privileges", about the Social Contract, about the Deputy Prime Minister and Prime Minister being Malays, about UMNO bullying, about being or not being immigrants, about Malay dominance. Even the criticisms regarding the way judges are appointed or promoted have elements of race that is hardly disguised.
10. Truly Malaysian politics have not been decoupled from racial sentiments and loyalties. And it is going to remain so for as long as the different races prefer to be separated and divided, prefer to strongly uphold their languages, cultures and their historical origins and links. All that is said about reforms and liberalism is mere lip service.
PERALIHAN KUASA
1. Akhirnya Majlis Tertinggi UMNO dan UMNO keseluruhannya terpaksa akur akan kehendak Dato Seri Abdullah Ahmad Badawi sebagai Presiden supaya peralihan kuasa diadakan pada Mac 2009.
2. Tiga bulan bukanlah satu jangka masa yang panjang tetapi dalam politik UMNO dan negara sekarang banyaklah kerja-kerja pemulihan parti yang akan terganggu kerana penangguhan yang tidak berasas ini.
3. Sebabnya ialah kerosakan yang dilakukan oleh Abdullah kepada UMNO begitu teruk sehingga tiap saat usaha pemulihan dilewatkan mungkin boleh membawa kesan yang buruk kepada UMNO dan Barisan Nasional. Selagi Abdullah berada sebagai Presiden Parti dan Perdana Menteri maka Dato Seri Najib akan terganggu dalam usaha memulih semula segala-gala yang perlu dipulih sebelum Pilihanraya Umum ke 13.
4. Sesungguhnya UMNO, Barisan Nasional dan parti-parti komponen Barisan Nasional sudah rosak teruk dalam masa lima tahun Abdullah memimpin pertubuhan-pertubuhan ini. Mungkin ada mereka-mereka yang akan pertahan prestasi Abdullah dengan berkata kerosakan ini sudah lama berlaku dan Abdullah cuma mewarisi kerosakan ini.
5. Benarkah? Jika benar kenapakah UMNO dan Barisan Nasional diberi kemenangan 2/3 tiap Pilihanraya sejak 1974 lagi. Tidak sekali pun Barisan Nasional menang kurang dari 2/3 dalam Dewan Rakyat. Dan Barisan Nasional tidak pernah gagal menguasai Kerajaan di Kedah, Perak dan Selangor. Pulau Pinang juga, sejak Gerakan menyertai Barisan Nasional tidak pernah kalah kepada parti lawan, terutama DAP.
6. Dalam Pilihanraya 1999, di waktu mana ramai pengundi Melayu kurang senang dengan kepimpinan UMNO; Barisan Nasional masih menang 2/3 dalam Dewan Rakyat.
7. Jika parti UMNO dan Barisan Nasional yang diserah kepada pimpinan Abdullah pada Oktober 2003 sudah rosak apakah mungkin Barisan Nasional mencapai kemenangan luar biasa pada 2004 dengan mendapat 90% dari kerusi Dewan Rakyat, mendapat balik kuasa di Terengganu dan hanya kalah sedikit sahaja di Kelantan, kubu PAS. Semua tanda-tanda menunjuk bahawa UMNO dan Barisan Nasional yang diterima oleh Abdullah pada Oktober 2003 berada dalam keadaan amat sihat dan kuat. Jika tidak mungkinkah BN capai kemenangan luar biasa pada Pilihanraya ke-11 pada tahun 2004, hanya 5 bulan selepas peralihan kuasa.
8. Jika kemenangan ini hanya kerana kepimpinan baik oleh Abdullah, tentulah kemenangan yang lebih baik akan diperolehi setelah Kerajaan dan Parti dipimpin olehnya selama empat tahun selepas Pilihanraya umum ke-11. Tetapi prestasi parti dalam Pilihanyara ke-12 tahun 2008 adalah begitu buruk sekali.
9. Jika ini tidak mencukupi untuk membuktikan kerosakan Barisan Nasional dan UMNO di bawah pimpinan Abdullah sejak 2004, pilihanraya kecil di Permatang Pauh jelas membukti bahawa Barisan Nasional dan UMNO sudah jadi parti kerdil yang begitu takut kepada parti lawan sehingga ahli-ahli tidak berani pakai lencana dan baju UMNO atau BN.
10. Apa yang berlaku dalam Pilihanraya Umum 2008 ialah ramai ahli dan penyokong biasa UMNO dan Barisan Nasional telah undi parti lawan. Apakah ini di sebabkan mereka tertarik dengan perjuangan parti PAS, DAP dan Keadilan. Soal selidik menunjuk bahawa mereka tidak terpikat dengan Negara Islam PAS atau Malaysian Malaysia DAP atau reformasi Keadilan. Mereka dengan hati yang berat telah undi parti-parti lawan kerana kecewa dengan kepimpinan Abdullah, tindak-tanduk dan sikap Jemaah Menteri yang tidak tahu kenang budi barang sedikitpun.
11. Untuk memperbaiki kerosakan ini masa yang panjang dan usaha yang gigih perlu dibuat oleh pemimpin-pemimpin UMNO yang kurang tercemar imej mereka. Mereka perlu turun padang untuk berjumpa dengan seberapa ramai ahli UMNO dan pengundi-pengundi supaya dapat mendengar rintihan mereka. Banyaklah kesalahan-kesalahan Kerajaan pimpinan Abdullah yang perlu dibetulkan. Kemerosotan ekonomi, kehilangan peluang-peluang kerja, kenaikan harga barang, tidak adanya lagi kontrak bagi kontraktor kecil, semua ini perlu diberi perhatian oleh Dato Seri Najib dan pasukannya. Tindakan yang berkesan perlu diambil bagi mengatasi masalah-masalah ini.
12. Di masa yang sama penyalahgunaan kuasa untuk memperkayakan ahli keluarga perlu dihentikan. Cara hidup yang mewah yang diamali oleh pemimpin-pemimpin parti dan Kerajaan perlu dihentikan.
13. Kontrak-kontrak perlu diagih dengan adil kepada semua pihak dan tidak hanya kepada orang tertentu diantara pemimpin politik sebagai sogokan untuk mendapat sokongan.
14. Kerosakan besar yang kedua yang berlaku dan berkembang semasa kepimpinan Dato Abdullah ialah rasuah dikalangan pemimpin dan ahli UMNO di semua peringkat. Ini menjadi-jadi kerana Dato Abdullah sendiri dilihat sebagai Perdana Menteri yang mengguna kedudukan dan kuasanya untuk menjayakan perniagaan anak dan menantunya, serta lain-lain kaum kerabatnya.
15. Kemunculan Scomi, ECM Libra, dan kontrak-kontrak yang diperolehi oleh syarikat-syarikat ini yang di ketahui dimiliki oleh anak dan menantu PM seolah-oleh mengizin dan menggalak amalan rasuah.
16. Dalam bidang politik, secara langsung atau tidak langsung Abdullah terlibat dengan beberapa kes sogokan. Semua tahu bahawa wang sebanyak RM 200/- diberi kepada wakil-wakil ke mesyuarat Bahagian Kubang Pasu supaya tidak mengundi saya untuk menjadi wakil ke Mesyuarat Agong UMNO pada tahun 2006. Seorang Ketua UMNO Bahagian Petaling Jaya Selatan telah lapur kepada Ibu Pejabat UMNO yang Dato Abdullah telah beri sebanyak RM 200/-, kain pelekat dan sejadah kepada ahli cawangan-cawangan UMNO yang dibawa di Kuala Lumpur, diberi makan dan penginapan di hotel mewah dan disuruh sokong peralihan kuasa olehnya pada 2010. Seorang pemimpin veteran UMNO telah buat laporan polis dan Badan Pencegah Rasuah berkenaan perkara yang sama.
17. Kata pepatah Melayu "Apabila guru kencing berdiri, murid akan kencing berlari." Dan sebenarnyalah apabila pemimpin dilihat mengamalkan rasuah maka pengikut akan amalkannya lebih-lebih lagi.
18. Untuk mendapat sokongan pemimpin tertentu diperingkat bahagian kontrak bermillion diberi kepada mereka, walaupun mereka tidak punyai kebolehan untuk melaksanakan kontrak tersebut.
19. Semasa pencalonan bagi jawatan-jawatan tertentu, ramai yang ingin dicalonkan mengguna wang untuk mendapat pencalonan.
20. Setelah diketahui bahawa ada calon yang sanggup menghulur wang sogokan supaya mereka dicalonkan maka ahli-ahli dan perwakilan ke mesyuarat bahagian sudah mula meminta wang sogokan jika sokongan mereka dihendaki.
21. Amatlah jelas bahawa rasuah sudah menjadi budaya ahli-ahli UMNO disemua peringkat. Apabila budaya ini dianggap sebagai sesuatu perkara biasa maka pemimpin yang akan dipilih lebih mungkin terdiri daripada mereka yang tidak bermoral, perasuah yang hanya ingin jadi pemimpin untuk kepentingan diri. Apabila ini berlaku maka negara akan perolehi pemimpin dan Kerajaan yang tidak bermoral, yang akan salahguna kuasa untuk kepentingan diri. Dengan ini akan rosaklah negara.
22. Rasuah dikalangan ahli dan pemimpin UMNO akan menjadikan UMNO parti yang tidak dapat dipercayai oleh rakyat, dipandang hina dan akhirnya ditolak.
23. Jika UMNO pimpinan Dato Najib ingin diterima dan disokong oleh rakyat sebagai pengundi, ingin memperolehi kemenangan dalam Pilihanraya Umum ke 13 maka rasuah dalam parti hendaklah dihapuskan. Usaha ini bukanlah mudah tetapi suka atau tidak suka Najib dan pasukannya perlu berusaha sedaya upaya.
24. Jika tidak pengundi akan undi siapa sahaja yang menyogok wang kepada mereka dan ini termasuk parti lawan. UMNO dan BN mungkin tidak akan dapat memerintah negara ini lagi. Kita sekarang sedang diberi "preview" jenis pemerintahan yang akan didirikan oleh parti-parti lawan.
Malaysia not ready to abandon race-based politics: Mahathir
Agence France-Presse - 11/12/2008 8:55 AM GMT
Malaysians are not yet ready to ditch their race-based political system in favour of parties which represent all ethnic groups, former premier Mahathir Mohamad said Wednesday.
Barack Obama's victory in the US presidential elections has triggered discussion about whether a minority leader could emerge in Malaysia, which has until now been ruled by a member of the dominant Muslim Malay community.
Mahathir said there is no constitutional barrier preventing an ethnic Chinese or Indian citizen from becoming prime minister.
But he said the country is a long way from abandoning the current system where the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), which represents Malays, leads a coalition that includes parties representing other races.
"It doesn't work, every 'multiracial' party is dominated by one race," Mahathir said after a lecture on Malaysian identity.
"Even the PAP in Singapore is not multiracial, as is very clear when Hsien Loong says no non-Chinese can become PM," he said.
Singapore's premier Lee Hsien Loong said earlier this month that the multicultural city-state of over 3.5 million people is not ready for a non-ethnic Chinese premier in the near future.
"We are still not united if we can't even agree on having a school where all children study together regardless of race, so how can we push aside racial concerns?" Mahathir said.
"Unless people come together and try to have something in common... how can you have a party representing all the different races? You have to have a base first."
Mahathir's nemesis, opposition leader Anwar Ibrahim, has declared his Keadilan party the nation's first multiracial party as its members and supporters are drawn from all three racial groups.
Two million young voters will make the difference
By G. MANIMARAN and DEVID RAJAH
PETALING JAYA: They are young, opinionated and Internet-savvy. And some two million such Malaysians will be eligible to vote in the next general election, and will undoubtedly have a big influence on the results then.
The power of the young could be further reinforced by four million eligible voters, many believed to be under 30 years, who did not register in time for the March 8 elections.
If these youths choose to register, the eligible voter population in the country will total 16.9 million, including the 10.9 million already registered in the country.
“Two million youths will become eligible to register and vote in the next general election,” said Election Commission (EC) deputy chairman Datuk Wan Ahmad Wan Omar.
Datuk Wan Ahmad Omar Wan Omar
He said this was based on the existing birth rate where 450,000 to 500,000 babies are born annually.
“There is already a high political awareness among the young people to participate in the election process.
“Many parties realise this and are beginning to court these youngsters to register as voters,” he added.
Wan Ahmad hoped with the heightened political awareness among youths, and in the wake of what transpired in the last general election, more would come forward to register as voters.
However, he said, the response was not very encouraging for now.
“Between January and June this year, only 100,000 eligible voters registered. But I believe next year and the following year, more will register as voters,” he said.
In 1999 alone, the EC saw about a million people registering. The next general election is due in 2013.
Malaysians for Free and Fair Election (Mafrel) acting chairman Syed Ibrahim Syed Noh said he expected more young people to register and vote in the next general election.
“I agree if there is a continuous political awareness in the country, more people will take part in the election process,” he said.
He also added that the percentage of people registering as new voters would be higher than in previous years due to the high political awareness and exposure to the new media, particularly to Internet blogs and news portals.
Merdeka Center for Opinion Research executive director Ibrahim Suffian said the political scene had become very lively since March 8 and would definitely attract more young people to participate in the election process.
The parties are doing their bit.
MCA Youth chief Datuk Dr Wee Ka Siong said the party had formed an ICT bureau to engage young people via the Internet and other mediums.
“We must show them what we have done and also be able to attract them,” he said when contacted.
Johor Umno Youth chief Razali Ibrahim, who is vying for the Umno Youth deputy chief post, said: “Umno must adjust itself to engage these new voters who will decide the future of this country. Having two million young voters is actually a healthy development for the country.”
MIC central working committee member Datuk S. K. Devamany said the two million young voters “would have a mind of their own.”
“If we don’t listen to them, we will be in trouble in the next election,” said the Deputy Minister in the Prime Minister’s Department.
PKR Youth chief Shamsul Iskandar Mohd Akin said: “We are optimistic over the emergence of the new, young voters. Of course, the approach during the next election will be more interesting and fresh, where the campaign will be focused on these young voters.”
He said PKR would organise new programmes to attract them from next year.
‘PM must have people’s trust’
Thursday November 13, 2008
By SIM LEOI LEOI
PUTRAJAYA: It does not matter if the Prime Minister is Malay or non-Malay, as long as he enjoys the trust of all Malaysians.
Former prime minister Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad said there was no specification in the country that the Prime Minister should only come from among the Malays.
“But when you talk about having a non-Malay as a PM, you are being racist yourself because you shouldn’t ask the question if one is Malay or non-Malay.
“If he is acceptable to all Malaysians, yes, he can become PM. The specification is that he must be the leader of the majority party.
Speaking his mind: Dr Mahathir delivering his keynote address at the Perdana Leadership Foundation in Putrajaya Wednesday.
“Don’t ask if he is Malay, Chinese or Indian,” he told reporters after delivering a keynote address on “Bangsa Malaysia” at the Perdana Leadership Foundation here yesterday.
However, Dr Mahathir said the assumption that race-based politics or political parties were no longer relevant after the last general election when Barisan Nasional lost five states was wrong,
“Race-based politics is still relevant. We are still not united if we can’t even have a vision school for all children from various races to attend together. As long as there is such sentiment, we won’t be able to have Bangsa Malaysia.
“A multi-racial party won’t work because every multi-racial party is dominated by one race, like Gerakan and DAP. Even the PAP in Singapore is not multi-racial,” he said, adding that unless opposition parties like PAS or Keadilan were willing to have a non-Malay as their leader, such talk was merely propaganda.
Earlier in his address, Dr Mahathir said there would come a time when all races in the country would be able to come together as one “Bangsa Malaysia”.
“But I don’t think it will happen tomorrow and it will take a long time. We can keep our ethnic and cultural identities but we should feel more Malaysian than Malay or Chinese.
“The concept of Bangsa Malaysia cannot be forced on us and it cannot be done by a political party. This is because it’s about people, not politics,” he said.
Mahathir raises questions over candidates
PUTRAJAYA: Former Prime Minister Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad has raised questions over the credibility of candidates contesting the number two post in Umno, asking how a candidate with a “very bad history” qualified to contest at the last minute.
“There is a lot of hanky-panky. When you know someone with a very bad history is still getting support there is a strong possibility that money politics is involved because, somehow, someone has come from very far behind to catch up.
“At first, in the initial weeks, some people succeeded in garnering enough nominations while others remained at the bottom.
“Then, suddenly, nominations for these people shot up. Why?” he asked reporters after delivering a keynote address on “Bangsa Malaysia” at the Perdana Leadership Foundation yesterday.
There are currently three contenders in the deputy president’s race – Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin is leading the pack with 91 nominations while Datuk Seri Mohd Ali Rustam has 47 and Tan Sri Muhammad Muhammad Taib has 46.
Muhyiddin was the first to qualify to contest the post and Dr Mahathir said he believed Muhyiddin was the best person for the job.
On money politics, Dr Mahathir said the only way to clamp down on the scourge in Umno was to investigate all the names listed in the 900 complaints received and then have them removed from the party.
“They should be thrown in jail. That is a good way to use the Internal Security Act and not against someone writing some nonsense.
“Umno must be cleaned up. If not, they will lose in the next general election,” he said.
ZAID IBRAHIM DAN BAYARAN EX-GRATIA
Posted by Dr. Mahathir Mohamad at November 11, 2008 7:01 PM |
1. Saya bersetuju dengan Datuk Zaid Ibrahim, bekas (mantan) Menteri Undang-undang de fakto bahawa bayaran ex-gratia RM5 juta adalah bersesuaian jika dibanding dengan pendapatan peguam terkemuka di negara ini yang mencecah RM2 juta setahun.
2. Bahawa peguam terkemuka di Malaysia mendapat RM2 juta setahun amat memberangsangkan saya. Jelas sekali saya telah pilih karier yang salah kerana Perdana Menteri mendapat hanya RM240,000 setahun. Ini tentulah kerana tanggungjawab Perdana Menteri tidak seberat peguam, wallahua'lam.
3. Dakwaan Datuk Zaid Ibrahim, bekas Menteri Undang-undang tentang pendapatan peguam terkemuka tentulah diasaskan kepada pengetahuan dan pengalaman beliau sebagai pemilik firma guaman yang mempunyai 100 peguam. Saya tidak pernah baca berkenaan Datuk Zaid Ibrahim, bekas Menteri Undang-undang mempertahankan mana-mana penjenayah atau anak guam dalam mahkamah. Jadi saya tertanya-tanya daripada manakah datangnya pendapatan yang lumayan bagi firma guamannya dan sudah tentu dirinya sendiri.
4. Apakah mungkin pendapatan yang tinggi dan banyak ini datang daripada urusan-urusan berkaitan dengan kes-kes penswastaan Kerajaan dan lain-lain keperluan "conveyancing" Kerajaan? Ini sangkaan saya sahaja. Jika tidak benar tunjuk bukti yang ianya tidak benar.
5. Jika benar patutkah bekas Menteri ini tutup mata pencarian yang lumayan ini kepada peguam Bumiputera yang lain kerana ingin dikenali sebagai seorang yang liberal yang tolak Dasar Ekonomi Baru dengan peluang-peluang untuk Bumiputera?
6. Apa perlunya dasar-dasar DEB selepas kita sudah sampai ke atas? Buang sahajalah supaya orang lain tidak mendapat manfaat daripadanya.
7. Parti Keadilan sedang menggamit. Tempat tertentu boleh dikosongkan supaya calon baru dapat mengisinya. Duit tak penting. Apabila pendapatan sudah sebanyak RM2 juta setahun siapa perlu jawatan Menteri yang tidak menjanjikan pendapatan yang setanding?
8. Sesungguhnya politik adalah cahaya yang terang yang dapat mendedahkan banyak yang tersembunyi dan tidak ternampak atau diketahui dahulu.
9. Dalam cahaya politik yang terang-benderang kita dapat lihat dan kenal ramai orang yang kita tidak kenal dahulu.
Posted by Dr. Mahathir Mohamad at November 11, 2008 8:08 AM |
Going through some old documents I came across this record of a speech by the Honourable Minister of Finance, Enche (sic) Tan Siew Sin, at the Delegates' Conference of the Hokkien Association of Malaysia in Kuala Lumpur on 22nd May 1965.
It is too long a speech to be reproduced in full. I will therefore cite only the parts that seem to be relevant to the current debates in Malaysia. I would be happy to provide the full text if needed.
Siew Sin remarked that the British identified the Chinese as a whole unjustly with the Malayan People's Anti-Japanese Army which was controlled by the Communists. The Emergency of 1948-1960 generated even greater suspicion against the Chinese community because the movement was directed by the Communists who were largely Chinese.
"This fear," Siew Sin said, "led the British to a policy of restricting citizenship rights for the Chinese as they felt that it would be dangerous for too many of them to become citizens....The result was that only about 200,000 Chinese had managed to become citizens out of a total of more than two million then resident in the former Federation of Malaya".
Farsighted Statesmanship
"When negotiating the terms of independence before that date," Siew Sin continued, "the MCA had asked that every Chinese who could legitimately claim to be regarded as a citizen should be allowed to become a citizen with the achievement of independence. It is a tribute to the farsighted statesmanship of UMNO and its leaders that they reacted sympathetically to this request. To give effect to this sympathy, a provision was inserted in the constitution itself to the effect that "good character" meant any person who had not been in jail during the period of three years preceding his application for citizenship.
"This was the main stumbling block to the acquisition of citizenship in colonial days. With the removal of this barrier, it was possible to admit approximately one million new citizens within 12 months of Merdeka and, of this number, roughly 800,000 were Chinese. If the Malays had been against giving a fair deal to the Chinese in the matter of citizenship, they would not have allowed such a situation to develop.
"The next major issue was the one concerning the special position of the Malays. Not many people are aware that this provision was inserted in the 1948 Federation of Malaya Agreement as part of the special responsibilities of the High Commissioner in the following terms;
"The safeguarding of the special position of the Malays and of the legitimate interests of other communities.
"It will be seen that this simple phrase could mean nothing. It could also mean everything. It was vague, it was also comprehensive and it was comprehensive enough as to be capable of being interpreted in a way which could mean the virtual elimination of Chinese economic interests in important sectors of the economy. Here again, with independence, this omnibus provision was scaled down to a precise definition so that it will be clear to all what this provision means. You will find it in article 153 of the Constitution. I have no time in a speech of this nature to tell you exactly what it means or what it does not mean, but very briefly, the effect of this provision is that, firstly, all existing rights are preserved; secondly, no citizen can be prohibited from engaging in business activity or deprived of his right to engage in business activity merely because he is a non-Malay."
Chinese Education
"In the field of Chinese education, a matter which is dear to the hearts of the majority of the Chinese population of this country, and one on which they feel very strongly, I do not have to remind that Chinese education today has the kind of status which could not have been possible in the days before independence. In 1954, which was the year before the Federation's first general election, when the alliance came to power for the first time the amount spent on Chinese education was $11.7 million. The amount spent on education as a whole was $99.9 million. In 1963, and I have taken 1963 because after this year we would be dealing in pan-Malaysian figures, and therefore the comparison would not be fair, the figures were $44.6 million and $283 million respectively.
"In other words while the amount spent on education as a whole increased by 183.28 per cent in nine years, the amount spent on Chinese education increased by 281.19 per cent. In brief, Chinese education has fared even better than education as a whole since independence, and education as a whole has been the principal beneficiary of independence.
"It will, therefore, be seen that in three major areas, that is, in the field of citizenship, Malay rights, and Chinese education, the Chinese are actually in a much happier position today than they were in the days of colonial rule. I have taken some pains to trace the history of these matters because i have heard, not only in this country, but overseas, that the Chinese were better off under British rule than they were in the former Federation of Malaya or in Malaysia today. I could give other instances, but the three major ones I have given will serve to show how unfounded such a belief is."
Snippets
Posted by Dr. Mahathir Mohamad at November 8, 2008 3:58 PM | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBacks (0) | Previous Blog
1. Now we know how much has been paid out to the judges.
2. It is not bad at all. The Government must have plenty of money to give away for something that the Government says is not an admission of guilt and does not merit an apology. This generous act is unprecedented but must now be taken as a precedence. We should see more money being doled out every time a Minister feels a need to be popular with the Opposition. I wonder whether the amount of ex-gratia is based on how much the ex-de facto Minister of Justice considers would please the Bar Council.
3. The Minister informs us that the judges had been drawing full pension for the last 20 years. The highest pension is RM6,548.59 per month. Roughly this adds up to RM1,600,000 for 20 years.
4. Judges in Malaysia are paid two pensions - one at 55 years and one at 65 years. As I pointed out before one judge actually draws three pensions. Is the sum mentioned the total or just one?
5. Assuming that the highest pension is paid to the most senior of the judges, then he would have done extremely well to get RM5,000,000.00 (Five million Ringgit). He would have to draw pension for another 60 years to get RM5 million. Truly the Government is generous.
6. Were the judges sacked or suspended? I think they were sacked. The records say so. Now the Minister says "No", the judges were not sacked or suspended.
7. Why pay them compensation if they are not sacked or suspended and they did not even lose their pension rights?
8. Were they allowed to continue being judges, to preside over cases brought before them? I cannot remember them doing this.
9. Really the Salleh saga gets curiouser and curiouser.
Snippets - Former Secretary General Acquitted & Economic Headlines
Posted by Dr. Mahathir Mohamad at November 7, 2008 3:26 PM |
FORMER SECRETARY-GENERAL ACQUITTED
1. Can I say how glad I am that Datuk Dr Abdul Aziz Muhammad has been acquitted of the charge of abetment in committing criminal breach of trust (CBT) and of cheating involving RM9 million.
2. I remember how shocked I was that this senior civil servant whom I know very well should have been found guilty of CBT etc. I knew him as a good officer who was conscientous when doing his work. I also remember the Minister involved telling me how profitable was the "koi" breeding and orchid ventures. But suddenly there was this accusation against Aziz. Apparently the ventures were not profitable at all. I wonder why!
3. I am sorry for the sufferings Aziz went through. Miscarriages of justice do happen and we must not blame anyone. I hope and pray that there will not be too many miscarriages. The talks of unseen political hands are not to be taken seriously.
ECONOMIC HEADLINES
I wonder whether Government leaders see anything significant in these headlines in today's (Nov 7th) The Star;
1) "Malaysians bearish on Economy"
2) "Tough road ahead for man in the street"
3) "Economic downturn to cause drop in passenger volume"
4) "Third quarter may be mixed"
5) "Moody's gives negative rating on gaming"
6) "F&N quarterly profit declines on property"
7) "Britain makes record interest rate cut"
8) "Fund to prop up South Korea stocks"
9) "Iceland's swap loss set to fall"
10) "Bonuses of top Wall St execs to be slashed"
11) "Toyota forecasts huge drop in profit"
12) "US vehicle sector faces 'critical' period"
13) "Snoring judges' verdicts overturned"
Kenapa Dr. Mahathir tuduh calon bodoh dan perasuah?
HINGGA hari ini, bekas Perdana Menteri, Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad seperti tidak berani mengulangi kata-katanya, terhadap calon Timbalan Presiden Umno selain dari Tan Sri Muhyiddin Mohd Yassin ‘adalah jokers’.
Dr. Mahathir mungkin tahu, ada bahagian-bahagian yang menyokong Datuk Seri Mohd Ali Rustam dan Tan Sri Muhammad Muhd Taib, turut menyokong anaknya Datuk Mukhriz, bertanding kerusi Ketua Pergerakan Pemuda Umno.
Rugilah dia, kalau bahagian-bahagian yang menyokong Mohd Ali atau Muhammad, Pemudanya tidak menyokong anaknya – yang boleh menyebabkan anaknya, yang tidak berani menyahut cabaran berdebat, mendapat kurang sokongan.
Maklumlah, kebanyakkan Pemuda-Pemuda bahagian, masih ‘malu alah’ dengan kepimpinan bahagian. Kalau bahagian itu mencalonkan (baca: menyokong Mohd Ali) biasanya Pemuda pun akan mengikut sahaja. Tiba-tiba, Dr. Mahathir merendah-rendahkan Mohd Ali, kononnya ‘tidak layak bertanding’, tentulah sedikit sebanyak akan menggugat sokongan terhadap anaknya.
Dr. Mahathir tentunya tahu, apabila terlibat dalam pertandingan, bukan undi penyokong sahaja yang dikehendaki, malahan undi penentang juga diperlukan.
Khabarnya Dr. Mahathir turut menyebut perkataan ‘bodoh’ dan ‘rasuah’ kepada Mohd Ali dan Muhammad ketika menyampaikan ucapan di luar negara, di hadapan pelajar-pelajar Malaysia.
Mungkin, Dr. Mahathir merasakan, selain dari Muhyiddin yang pandai dan tidak rasuah, anaknya Mukhriz juga ‘bersih’ seperti salji.
Dari sumber-sumber Pemuda Umno pula, ada yang menceritakan Mukhriz juga bersetuju dengan pendapat bapanya terhadap Mohd Ali dan Muhammad yang kononnya tidak layak bertanding jawatan Timbalan Presiden, jauh sekali memegang jawatan tersebut. Betul ke Mukhriz? Kalau tidak betul dakwaan ini, kena perbetulkan. Jangan biarkan ia merebak kerana ia tidak sihat kepada politik Umno.
Begitu juga Dr. Mahathir. Kalau dia merasakan dia tersilap cakap, dia tersebut perkataan ‘bodoh dan rasuah’ yang ditujukan kepada dua calon lain, selain dari Muhyiddin, kenalah dia perbetulkan. Jika tidak, terserahlah kepada para penyokong Mohd Ali dan Muhammad untuk ‘mengajar’ Dr. Mahathir dan anaknya, Mukhriz.
Sebenarnya, Umno memerlukan semua golongan berada di dalam parti ini. Bukan keluarga Dr. Mahathir sahaja yang layak menjadi peneraju Umno kerana Umno adalah parti untuk semua orang-orang Melayu.
Dr. Mahathir sedikit sebanyak berperanan memecah-belahkan perpaduan dalam Umno. Ketika dia sukan Tun Musa Hitam, dia mengecewakan Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah dan para penyokong anak Raja Kelantan itu.
Ketika dia bergaduh dengan Musa, Ghafar Baba dijadikan regunya untuk berhadapan dengan Musa. Bukan sedikit penyokong Musa ‘merajuk’ apabila Dr. Mahathir dan Ghafar menang pertandingan Presiden dan Timbalan Presiden.
Begitu juga apabila Dr. Mahathir bermasalah dengan Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim, Umno yang teruk menerima kesannya walaupun Dr. Mahathir masih boleh kekal menjadi Perdana Menteri.
Cuma, ahli-ahli Umno perlu ingat dan sedar, kesan dan akibat perbuatan Dr. Mahathir itu, Parti keADILan ditubuhkan hingga menyebabkan hari ini, Barisan Nasional (BN) terancam dan PKR diwujudkan kesan dari ‘legasi peninggalan’ Dr. Mahathir. Ketika semua orang enggan mempercayai dakwaan Dr. Mahathir terhadap Anwar, sekarang Dr. Mahathir dan anaknya Mukhriz bukan ‘menyerang Anwar’ sebagai musuh Umno dan BN, sebaliknya dua beranak ini menjadikan Presiden Umno dan Perdana Menteri, Datuk Seri Abdullah Ahmad Badawi sebagai ‘musuh dan sasarannya’.
Ketika Dr. Mahathir tidak berkeyakinan terhadap Mohd Ali dan Muhammad, banyak pihak mendakwa Mukhriz juga turut tidak berkeyakinan terhadap Mohd Ali dan Muhammad. Walaupun tidak ada kenyataan secara terang-terangan dibuat oleh Mukhriz, tetapi tidak juga kedengaran Mukhriz mempertahankan Mohd Ali dan Muhammad sebagai ‘berhak untuk bertanding’ jawatan Timbalan Presiden, seperti dirinya berhak untuk bertanding jawatan Ketua Pergerakan Pemuda Umno.
Oleh Zainal Yusof
Huh…. Anwar bertemu ruas !!!!!!
November 5, 2008
Timbalan Perdana Menteri, Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak menggunakan peluang ketika menggulung perbahasan Rang Undang-undang Bajet 2009 untuk berulangkali mengkritik kredibiliti Ketua Pembangkang, Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim. Najib yang menjadi sasaran kritikan Anwar sejak dua tahun lalu - mengambil peluang itu untuk membidas bajet alternatif pembangkang.
Katanya, bajet alternatif tersebut bersifat meguncup kerana ia menggesa kerajaan supaya mengurangkan perbelanjaan sebanyak RM24 juta.
“Ini adalah satu cadangan yang akan membawa ke lembah kehancuran ekonomi sebagaimana yang pernah dicadangkan pada tahun 1997 oleh menteri kewangan ketika itu (Anwar),” katanya.
Sebaliknya, kata beliau, kerajaan mencadangkan bajet yang bersifat berkembang sebagai penjana pertumbuhan yang berganda.
Najib juga menyifatkan ucapan Anwar selama lima jam ketika membahaskan Bajet 2009 sebelum ini, sebagai suatu yang luar biasa.
“Ia merupakan sesuatu yang luar biasa jika dibanding cuma satu jam setengah masa pembentangan Bajet 2009 oleh YAB Perdana Menteri pada 29 Ogos 2008,” kata Najib yang juga menteri kewangan.
“Namun tuduhan-tuduhan Permatang Pauh yang menyatakan Bajet 2009 ini tidak boleh digunapakai ternyata meleset.
“Malah usaha pembangkang untuk menubuhkan kerajaan pada 16 September 2008 tidak lebih daripada suatu fatamorgana, miraj, impian yang tidak menjadi kenyataan,” katanya ketika menggulung perbahasan Rang Undang-undang Bajet 2009 di Dewan Rakyat hari ini.
Yang pasti, tambah Najib, usaha itu telah menyebabkan berlakunya ketidakstabilan suasana harmoni dan merenggangkan keyakinan pelabur asing kepada negara ini.
“Sesungguhnya kerajaan Barisan Nasional akan terus kukuh bagi menjaga kepentingan pelbagai kaum di negara ini.
“Semangat Bajet 2009 iaitu Kerajaan Prihatin akan terus menerajui perjuangan murni yang menjadi landasan teras kerajaan Barisan Nasional,” kataya.
Dalam menghadapi persekitaran yang mencabar, Najib menyeru kepada semua rakyat, di dalam atau luar negeri, untuk sama-sama menyumbang ke arah memastikan krisis berjaya ditangani.
UMNO ELECTIONS
1. The whole country is watching the nomination of candidates for the UMNO Supreme Council. The decision of Dato Seri Abdullah Ahmad Badawi not to defend his Presidency of the party is what has kindled the unprecedented interest in who will head and run UMNO. This is because until now it is expected that the President of UMNO will become the next Prime Minister of Malaysia. If the UMNO electorate fails to deliver a good and honest administrator, then the country would be in for another period of instability and economic regression. No Malaysian would want to see that. In desperation they might opt for the opposition at the next election. And that would not be any better. In fact it would be worse than the incompetent present incumbent.
2. For UMNO the next four years would be crucial. If whoever becomes the new President fails to revive the party, it would be the end of the road for this longest surviving fighter for national independence. If this were to happen then the incoming leadership of UMNO will go down in history as the betrayers of this once glorious and powerful political machine.
3. UMNO had adopted the democratic system apparently to ensure that betrayers of the party would be removed and replaced by better men. But clearly UMNO democracy has not always worked. Many have reached the top through false pretences. Once there they make use of their position of power to prevent democracy from safeguarding the party. By dishing out lucrative jobs and titles, by abusing the authority conferred on them, by threats of all kinds, these pretenders have been able to stop attempts at their removal, at least for quite some time.
4. The assumption of the self-serving leaders is that if they could control the division leaders through bribes and threats, their hold on the party would be ensured. Such was their stranglehold over the party that it seems the party was solidly behind them. They could do anything and they would be assured of loud approbation and support.
5. But their assumption was wrong. The division and branch leaders may kowtow to them but the rank and file and the non-member supporters proved to be recalcitrant. Unable to speak up or to criticize the leadership they decided to vote for the opposition.
6. Thus in the March 2008 Elections the Barisan Nasional Party and UMNO suffered heavy losses. The leadership refused to accept responsibility for this debacle, even claiming victory because they have enough seats to form the central Government.
7. In disgust the disaffected electorate delivered a stunning blow in a crucial bye-election, which saw the once powerful UMNO and Barisan Nasional totally cowed, scared even to display their party colours.
8. At last a few daring members of the UMNO Supreme Council decided that it was enough. The President must be forced to resign. And so Dato Abdullah after much delay announced his decision not to contest for President of UMNO and therefore his traditional right to be the Prime Minister of Malaysia.
9. That is the critical first stage. Now for the new President and Prime Minister. There are only two candidates. But to date only Dato Najib Tun Razak has received nomination for the post. Clearly he is the front runner. As expected the work of demonising him has begun. How he handles this would indicate the quality of his leadership.
10. In the meantime the nominees for the other posts are being named. If the Government of Najib is to be different from that of Abdullah, then Abdullah toadies must not be in.
11. So far it is unclear as to whether the UMNO divisions will back those opposed to Abdullah or his people. The lead taken by Muhyiddin Yassin seems to indicate that the critics of Abdullah are favoured. Rafidah, reputedly the most vocal critics of Abdullah seems still to get the support of Wanita. That could end the ambition of Azalina one of Abdullah's and Khairi's most ardent supporters, if Rafidah's promise to appoint Sharizat as Wanita Chief when she resigns is honoured.
12. Shafie Afdal, one of the most strident voices urging Abdullah to step down is likely to win enough nomination for Vice President. But the divisions seen to have forgotten the role played by Rais Yatim, who as Minister who was not afraid to air his views on Abdullah mismanagement.
13. Important though the nomination by the divisions in qualifying a candidate to contest for positions in the UMNO Supreme Council; they do not have the final say. That lies with the delegates attending the AGM.
14. In 1987 when Tengku Razaleigh contested for Presidency against me, I had more than three-fourth for the divisions nomination. But I only won by 43 votes cast by the 2500 delegates from the divisions. Obviously the delegates to the AGM did not vote according to the decisions by the divisions.
15. It behoves those contesting not to be too confident they would win simply because they have received the highest number of nominations by the division. Lots of things can happen when the AGM is held in Kuala Lumpur. I will not be surprised to see a lot of money flow, and a lot of minds changed.
16. In the 1987 elections there was a break for Friday prayers during the voting. It is believed that many delegates were approached during this break and persuaded by one means or another to ignore the decisions of their divisions and to vote for someone else.
17. For this reason there should not be any interval in the voting. If necessary it should not be held on Friday. It is however important that the voting be on the first day of the assembly.
18. As I said the country is watching this UMNO Elections with bated breath. If the UMNO divisions and delegates allow their greed to overcome their better judgement then it will be the last time they would be the king-makers in Malaysia.
19. I am reminded of the greed of a kampong Malay who used to collect "buah keranji" in the forest to sell to the Thais. It was tedious work, as the trees were tall and there were plenty of ants.
20. Impatient with the difficulties he encountered, the "keranji" collector chopped down the tree. And that was the last time he made money from collecting "keranji".
21. Perhaps the English educated prefer the goose that laid the golden egg.
22. Whichever, the lesson to be learnt is the same. Sell your vote today and that will be the end of your UMNO politics.
Petikan dari Malaysia Kini
Gulung bajet: Najib pula hentam Anwar
Nov 4, 08 8:35pm
Timbalan Perdana Menteri, Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak menggunakan peluang ketika menggulung perbahasan Rang Undang-undang Bajet 2009 untuk berulangkali mengkritik kredibiliti Ketua Pembangkang, Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim.
Najib yang menjadi sasaran kritikan Anwar sejak dua tahun lalu - mengambil peluang itu untuk membidas bajet alternatif pembangkang.
Katanya, bajet alternatif tersebut bersifat meguncup kerana ia menggesa kerajaan supaya mengurangkan perbelanjaan sebanyak RM24 juta.
"Ini adalah satu cadangan yang akan membawa ke lembah kehancuran ekonomi sebagaimana yang pernah dicadangkan pada tahun 1997 oleh menteri kewangan ketika itu (Anwar)," katanya.
Sebaliknya, kata beliau, kerajaan mencadangkan bajet yang bersifat berkembang sebagai penjana pertumbuhan yang berganda.
Najib juga menyifatkan ucapan Anwar selama lima jam ketika membahaskan Bajet 2009 sebelum ini, sebagai suatu yang luar biasa.
"Ia merupakan sesuatu yang luar biasa jika dibanding cuma satu jam setengah masa pembentangan Bajet 2009 oleh YAB Perdana Menteri pada 29 Ogos 2008," kata Najib yang juga menteri kewangan.
"Namun tuduhan-tuduhan Permatang Pauh yang menyatakan Bajet 2009 ini tidak boleh digunapakai ternyata meleset.
"Malah usaha pembangkang untuk menubuhkan kerajaan pada 16 September 2008 tidak lebih daripada suatu fatamorgana, miraj, impian yang tidak menjadi kenyataan," katanya ketika menggulung perbahasan Rang Undang-undang Bajet 2009 di Dewan Rakyat hari ini.
Yang pasti, tambah Najib, usaha itu telah menyebabkan berlakunya ketidakstabilan suasana harmoni dan merenggangkan keyakinan pelabur asing kepada negara ini.
"Sesungguhnya kerajaan Barisan Nasional akan terus kukuh bagi menjaga kepentingan pelbagai kaum di negara ini.
"Semangat Bajet 2009 iaitu Kerajaan Prihatin akan terus menerajui perjuangan murni yang menjadi landasan teras kerajaan Barisan Nasional," kataya.
Dalam menghadapi persekitaran yang mencabar, Najib menyeru kepada semua rakyat, di dalam atau luar negeri, untuk sama-sama menyumbang ke arah memastikan krisis berjaya ditangani.
Subject: DINAR EMAS
Posted by Dr. Mahathir Mohamad at November 4, 2008 2:46 PM |
1. Ramai juga yang bertanya berkenaan Dinar Emas termasuk juga BBC yang mengadakan wawancara dengan saya baru-baru ini.
2. Apa yang sudah jadi kenyataan yang tidak lagi dapat dinafi oleh negara-negara di dunia ialah sistem kewangan yang ada sekarang sudah gagal untuk diguna dalam ekonomi dan dagangan baik dalam negeri atau antarabangsa.
3. Keputusan Bretton-Woods selepas Perang Dunia Kedua ialah semua matawang negara di dunia ditentukan nilainya mengikut nilai tukaran dengan matawang Amerika Syarikat.
4. Tetapi di tentukan juga yang nilai Dolar Amerika ialah sebanyak 35 Dollar untuk satu ouns emas. Ini bermakna secara tidak langsung semua matawang dinilai mengikut sekian banyak emas.
5. Di masa itu semua matawang adalah kukuh. Tetapi Britain, pada tahun 1966 telah turunkan nilai Pound British. Malaysia telah rugi banyak kerana simpanan (reserve) kita adalah dalam matawang Pound. Pada satu masa Pound yang bernilai Ringgit Malaysia 8.30 telah turun kepada Ringgit Malaysia 3.60.
6. Kemudian Presiden Richard Nixon membuat keputusan bahawa Dollar Amerika tidak lagi terikat dengan emas. Amerika telah tolak apa yang dipanggil sebagai "Gold Standard". Amerika juga memutuskan bahawa pasaran akan tentukan nilai Dolar Amerika.
7. Tetapi negara-negara lain masih percaya akan kekuatan ekonomi Amerika dan meneruskan ikatan nilai matawang mereka dengan Dollar.
8. Satu lagi keputusan dunia antarabangsa ialah nilai dagangan antarabangsa ditentukan dengan nilai Dollar Amerika dan bayaran juga dibuat dengan Dollar Amerika. Ini menyebabkan permintaan bagi Dollar Amerika menjadi kuat dan sekali gus menjamin nilai Dollar Amerika tidak jatuh walaupun tidak lagi diukur dengan sekian banyak emas.
9. Pada satu masa dahulu bank besar dibenarkan mencetak dan mengeluarkan "Bank Notes" sebagai wang yang sah dipergunakan. Kemudian pemerintah mengambil alih pengeluaran matawang.
10. Bank mengeluarkan pinjaman daripada modal dan deposit oleh pelanggan. Kadang-kadang jumlah pinjaman melebihi wang yang ada dalam bank. Tetapi ini dihadkan. Walaupun demikian pinjaman yang dikeluarkan kerap kali jauh lebih banyak dari had yang ditentukan.
11. Apabila pendeposit mengeluarkan simpanan mereka beramai-ramai maka bank tidak mampu untuk membayar balik kepada pendeposit kerana semua wang telah diberi pinjam bahkan lebih daripada itu. Dalam keadaan ini bank mesti di selamatkan (bail-out) oleh Kerajaan.
12. Melihat bahawa bank boleh mengeluarkan pinjaman hampir tanpa had (unlimited) maka penyangak pun merancang untuk guna duit bank yang tidak terhad ini untuk meraih keuntungan atas angin. Maka berlakulah dagangan matawang, pinjaman kepada peminjam yang keupayaan membayar tidak terjamin, penjualan pinjaman yang dikeluarkan oleh bank kepada syarikat insurans dan syarikat gadaian (mortgage company) dan lain-lain. Jumlah semua transaksi ini amat besar, bernilai berbilion dolar. Apabila ramai peminjam tidak dapat bayar hutang atau servis hutang, maka mereka yang membeli pinjaman bank dapati mereka akan rugi berbilion dolar.
13. Dan banyak lagilah penyalahgunaan sistem bank Barat yang dilakukan. Demikian Amerika dengan kekayaannya yang besar sekalipun tidak dapat menampung berbilion dolar kerugian oleh bank, syarikat, insuran, syarikat mortgage, hedge funds, merchant dan investment bank dan lain-lain.
14. Sesungguhnya sistem bank dan matawang Barat sudah gagal. Dunia harus kaji untuk menggantinya dengan sistem lain termasuk perbankan Islam dan dagangan dengan matawang khusus seperti Dinar Emas.
15. Tidak seperti duit kertas emas tetap mempunyai nilai dimana-mana dalam dunia. Dinar Emas dicadang hanya untuk menyelesaikan bayaran dagangan antarabangsa.
16. Apakah ada cukup emas dalam dunia untuk dijadikan wang antrabangsa? Sudah tentu tidak.
17. Tetapi kita tidak perlu bayar dengan dinar emas sepenuhnya. Memadai jika kita bayar cuma lebihan antara import-eksport antara dua buah negara.
18. Jika sebuah negara mengeksport 100 juta Dinar kepada sebuah negara lain dan negara itu pula mengeksport kepada negara pertama barangan atau khidmat yang bernilai 110 juta Dinar, maka bayaran yang harus dibuat oleh Bank Negara negara yang pertama hanyalah 10 juta Dinar emas. Jika tidak ada Dinar Emas yang mencukupi maka bayaran boleh dibuat kemudian dengan eksport bernilai 10 juta Dinar.
19. Kita bukan sahaja boleh ada dagangan antara dua buah negara tetapi antara beberapa buah negara. Sebenarnya bank-bank mengguna cara ini untuk menyelesaikan bayaran cheque kepada beberapa bank yang telah terima dan mengeluarkan bayaran berasas kepada cheque lain-lain bank.
20. Sudah tentu akan ada banyak masalah pada permulaan. Tetapi pakar-pakar boleh cari jalan untuk selesaikan atau atasi kelemahan sistem Dinar Emas ini.
21. Bank Negara Malaysia pernah runding dengan sebuah negara lain dan penggunaan Dinar Emas memang boleh dilaksanakan. Tetapi entah kenapa Bank Negara Malaysia tidak dapat menjayakan sistem ini.
Extracted from
http://www.chedet.com/ - Snippets
INTERVIEW
1. I was interviewed by the BBC on the current financial turmoil and over management of the currency crisis in 1997 - 98.
2. I was amused when he attributed the pegging and the elimination of CLOB (Central Limit Order Book) to Dato Seri Anwar Ibrahim. I asked him whether he was given this information by Anwar. He did not answer.
3. Of course I did not do everything by myself. I had a lot of help from others. But Anwar was not one of them. He, many will remember, was the Minister of Finance who implemented the IMF strategy without the IMF with disastrous results.
COMMENTS
1. When I started my blog I expected many criticisms to be levelled at me when I wrote articles against the Government.
2. I am disappointed that those who made critical comments never argued their cases against me. All they could say is that I was worse when I was Prime Minister or that all the problems began during my time. No supporting evidence at all. And obviously not even true.
3. Clearly the quality of these carping commentors leaves much to be desired.
RUBBISH
1. We are great producers of rubbish - not the verbal kind, although that also - but real solid waste. But we are not keen on their disposal.
2. Rubbish dumps, legal and illegal are everywhere. Land fills which seem to be the preferred method are really hazardous to health. When rain falls and leaches the waste, the water would seep into the ground and pollute ground water. This water flows into the land around and may get into the water supply. At least New Water in Singapore is thoroughly filtered and rendered safe though not aesthetically acceptable. But our ground water is not filtered and can poison the soil and ourstreams and rivers.
3. The Government had wanted to build a modern incinerator like the ones in Japan. These Japanese incinerators are located in the residential area. They produce hardly any smoke from their very tall chimneys. The incinerator is so clean that the locals use them as their recreation area. I have never heard of the Japanese complaining against incinerators being located in their residential areas.
4. But we in Malaysia have higher standards of cleanliness. We do not want even the cleanest incinerators to be located anywhere near where we live. We prefer to dump the rubbish untreated on land. Soon we will be having rubbish mountains like in a neighbouring country where scavengers can recover discarded items which can be washed and sold to the not so rich.
5. Incidentally I am told that in the United Kingdom every household has to have three rubbish bins; one each for plastics, glass and perishables. If the rubbish inspectors finds that there is nothing in the bins the householder will be fined for throwing his rubbish elsewhere. Will we accept sorting our rubbish and dumping them into the correct bin! I think not. That is for the Government to do, as we pay taxes precisely for sorting our rubbish.
